Dengue (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are infections found in humid and sub tropical countries or areas. A cycle is maintained involving humans and the Aedes mosquito with four different dengue serotypes. The virus is caused by one of four closely related of the genus Flavivirus. Disease with one of these serotypes presents protection to only that of serotype for life. Persons who live within the dengue-endemic area can have in excess of dengue infection throughout their existence or lifetime. These infections are producing a spectrum of clinical illness ranging from a nonspecific viral syndrome to ruthless and fatal hemorrhagic disease.
Dengue is usually associated with poorer tropical countries. The disease leads to a sudden onset of fever with severe headaches, muscle and joint pains, as well as rashes. According to the AFP, the mosquito viral called Dengue fever has instantly become a significant public viral outbreak in Thailand, where a recent epidemic resulted in 63,000 cases and 91 deaths nationwide. Health education is crucial to the minimization of the disease. To make sure that people understand the cause of infection and the ways to prevent people from catching the virus is the best step to combat Dengue. Health education for dengue control should be provided in primary schools and community health centers as suggested by the National Dengue Control Program. Â
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There is no detailed or specific action for dengue fever, but close medical awareness and clinical management revives the lives of many patients. At the present time, the only technique of controlling dengue and DHF is to battle the vector mosquito all the way through chemical control and environmental management. Community-based cleaning operations remove tyres, bottles, cans and other objects that catch and keep hold of water, get free of possible breeding sites for vector mosquitoes. Larval surroundings are too treated with insecticide. Insecticidal space sprays, by means of vehicle-mounted or moveable machines, are used in many programmes for urgent situations and to  control the growth of adult mosquitoes.
Sunday, January 31, 2010
For the Chargers it's the same old story of what if.
It's a week before the Super Bowl and I can't help but wonder why the San Diego Chargers aren't going to be playing in it.The stars seemed to be aligned for them this season.You know,win the AFC West,get a home game possibly against someone that you have a favorable track record against(Colts).Then it all comes crashing down against an underdog New York Jets team with a rookie quarterback,no less.
Then I thought about their postseason history,since I've been a football fan.I'm a fan of my hometown Detroit Lions.Don't laugh,I know the jokes are coming.But I've always had a soft spot for the Chargers.I don't know why.Maybe it was the lightning bolt uniforms that reeled me in.Or maybe that the Oakland Raiders,who were notoriously dirty back then, always got over on the Chargers(the holy roller game and the 55-21 Monday night massacre come to mind).They always seemed to have a good regular season,only to come up short in the playoffs.Here's a rundown of the Charger playoff misery that their fans had to endure.I'm a Lions fan so I more than feel your pain.
1979-The Chargers finally breakthrough the death grip the Raiders had on the AFC West and win the division.They get a home game against the Earl Campbell led Houston Oilers.But the Oilers were without their starting quarterback,Dan Pastorini.They trot out Gifford Nielsen and the Chargers lost a 14-10 third quarter lead,losing 17-14 on a 47 yard touchdown pass to Mike Renfro.The first of many disappointments.
1980-The Chargers win the AFC West again.Once again they get a home game as they draw a tough Buffalo Bills team.The Bills jump out to a 14-3 lead,but the Chargers storm back with 17 in the second half to win 20-17.Having home field advantage against th wild card Raiders should have been enough to catapult them to their first super bowl berth.The Raiders,led by Jim Plunkett,who was backing up Dan Pastorini(this guy must have been haunting the Chargers back then),came into Jack Murphy Stadium and jumped the Chargers to the tune of 28-7.Once again the Chargers mount a comeback,only to fall short 34-27.Two weeks later they watch the rival Raiders celebrate a win over the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl 15.Once again the Raiders get over on the Chargers.
1981-This was the year it was supposed to come together for the Chargers.They rolled into the 1981 season as one of the favorites to get to the Super Bowl.Then the rest of the league figured something out.The Chargers for all their aerial antics,couldn't stop anyone on defense.Another thing was that no one counted on the Cincinnati Bengals coming out of nowhere to be the class of the AFC.1981 was a slight disappointment.They won the AFC West for the third year in a row.But there were no home games for the Chargers to fall back on.They went to Miami to battle the Dolphins in one of the most epic playoff games of all time.After jumping to a 24-0 lead,they let the Dolphins back in it to close the gap to 24-17 at the half.Both teams traded punches and wound up being tied at 38 at the end of regulation.Kellen Winslow blocked a Miami field goal attempt that would've won it for the Dolphins.Both exchanged missed field goals in overtime.Then Rolf Bernirschke nailed a 29 yarder that earned them a trip to Cincinnati.They would face a Bengals team,that whacked them 40-17 earlier that season,but had a chance to avenge the loss.One problem.It was too cold.Known as the Freezer Bowl,it was played in -59 degree wind chill.-9 degrees air temperature.Going from 88 degree heat and humidity to extreme cold was too much for the California boys.Plus I always believed that the Miami game took a lot out of them(remember Winslow being carried off the field?).They wound up losing 27-7 and waiting until next year.
1982-In a strike shortned season the Chargers finished 6-3 and earned a first round game against the Steelers, who were a little past the glory days.Being on the road had always been a trouble spot for the Chargers back then.It showed as the Steelers ran out to a 28-17 lead.The Chargers,led by Dan Fouts,made a fourth quarter comeback to notch a 31-28 victory.The win set up a rematch with Miami.The Chargers were destroyed in the "epic" rematch,34-13,once again exposing a poor defense.They wouldn't return to the playoffs for 10 years and one of the best teams in NFL history never made it to a Super Bowl.
1992-After 10 years away from the postseason the Chargers rebounded from an 0-4 start to win the AFC West.They came in with a bang pitching a 17-0 shutout over the Kansas City Chiefs.Once again they end up in Miami and once again were dominated, losing 31-0.Overall,not much was expected from this team,so not a lot of disappointment as there was in past years.
1994-Finally,a breakthrough!They win the AFC West once again.This time they get the Dolphins at home.After falling behind 21-6,they Chargers dominate the second half and win 22-21.They get a shot on the road against the favored Pittsburgh Steelers.The Steelers looked like they would be headed to the big game after being staked to a 13-3 lead in the third quarter.Quarterback Stan Humphries led the team to two fourth quarter touchdowns and a 17-13 win.That would get them their first AFC championship and trip to the Super Bowl.Going against a heavily favored San Francisco 49ers squad,the Chargers were outmatched from the start and lost 49-26.
1995-The Chargers returned to the playoffs to defend their AFC title as a wild card entrant.Playing at home against the Indianapolis Colts,this was supposed to be a win for the home team.The Colts had other ideas.Led by running back Zack Crockett(who?),the Colts ran away from the Chargers for a 35-20 win.This was a disappointing finish to the season since so much was expected coming off an AFC championship season.
2004-The Chargers return to the playoffs after a 9 year drought.They grab another AFC West crown and get a home game against the New York Jets.Falling behind 17-7 the Chargers tie the game only to miss a field goal attempt that would've won the game.They fall 20-17 in overtime to start the 2000's string of playoff misery that mirrored the late 70's and early 1980's.
2006-The Chargers entered the playoffs with home field advantage throughout.That didn't seem to matter to the defending champion New England Patriots.After being ahead 21-13,Tom Brady led the Patriots to a 24-21 win that was frustrating on many levels,from the fans,players,and coaches.After this latest heartbreak,Marty Schottenheimer was shown the door and dismissed from his head coaching duties.They brought in Norv Turner to see if he could get the job done.
2007-The Chargers are the AFC West champs and face the Tennessee Titans and claim a 17-6 win.Earning a shot against the favored defending champion Indianapolis Colts on the road.They go toe to toe with the champs before getting the ko in a 28-24 win.That would get them a shot at avenging the loss to the New England Patriots.With star running back LaDanian Tomlinson sitting out most of the game the Chargers fall one game short of the Super Bowl,falling 21-12.
2008-Although they won the AFC West,the Chargers underachieved and finished with an 8-8 record.They somehow manage a home game against the Indianapolis Colts.After being behind most of the game,they manage to tie it with a last second field goal.They take the overtime kickoff and drive for the winning touchdown.They go on to play the Steelers and take an early lead.After that the Steelers dominate the rest of the way for a 35-24 win that wasn't as close as the score indicated.
2009-Present day.The Chargers run away with the AFC West title.They're favored against the wild card New York Jets at home.Once again the Chargers blow a shot at a possible Super Bowl and fall 17-14 to the Jets.This would mark the latest disappointment in the playoff history of the San Diego Chargers.
They've always been close,right at the doorstep of greatness.Somehow they always manage to come up short when it matters most.This seems to be when they have some of the best players in the NFL and can't come up big.AFC West titles seem to be the most this team can garner.
Then I thought about their postseason history,since I've been a football fan.I'm a fan of my hometown Detroit Lions.Don't laugh,I know the jokes are coming.But I've always had a soft spot for the Chargers.I don't know why.Maybe it was the lightning bolt uniforms that reeled me in.Or maybe that the Oakland Raiders,who were notoriously dirty back then, always got over on the Chargers(the holy roller game and the 55-21 Monday night massacre come to mind).They always seemed to have a good regular season,only to come up short in the playoffs.Here's a rundown of the Charger playoff misery that their fans had to endure.I'm a Lions fan so I more than feel your pain.
1979-The Chargers finally breakthrough the death grip the Raiders had on the AFC West and win the division.They get a home game against the Earl Campbell led Houston Oilers.But the Oilers were without their starting quarterback,Dan Pastorini.They trot out Gifford Nielsen and the Chargers lost a 14-10 third quarter lead,losing 17-14 on a 47 yard touchdown pass to Mike Renfro.The first of many disappointments.
1980-The Chargers win the AFC West again.Once again they get a home game as they draw a tough Buffalo Bills team.The Bills jump out to a 14-3 lead,but the Chargers storm back with 17 in the second half to win 20-17.Having home field advantage against th wild card Raiders should have been enough to catapult them to their first super bowl berth.The Raiders,led by Jim Plunkett,who was backing up Dan Pastorini(this guy must have been haunting the Chargers back then),came into Jack Murphy Stadium and jumped the Chargers to the tune of 28-7.Once again the Chargers mount a comeback,only to fall short 34-27.Two weeks later they watch the rival Raiders celebrate a win over the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl 15.Once again the Raiders get over on the Chargers.
1981-This was the year it was supposed to come together for the Chargers.They rolled into the 1981 season as one of the favorites to get to the Super Bowl.Then the rest of the league figured something out.The Chargers for all their aerial antics,couldn't stop anyone on defense.Another thing was that no one counted on the Cincinnati Bengals coming out of nowhere to be the class of the AFC.1981 was a slight disappointment.They won the AFC West for the third year in a row.But there were no home games for the Chargers to fall back on.They went to Miami to battle the Dolphins in one of the most epic playoff games of all time.After jumping to a 24-0 lead,they let the Dolphins back in it to close the gap to 24-17 at the half.Both teams traded punches and wound up being tied at 38 at the end of regulation.Kellen Winslow blocked a Miami field goal attempt that would've won it for the Dolphins.Both exchanged missed field goals in overtime.Then Rolf Bernirschke nailed a 29 yarder that earned them a trip to Cincinnati.They would face a Bengals team,that whacked them 40-17 earlier that season,but had a chance to avenge the loss.One problem.It was too cold.Known as the Freezer Bowl,it was played in -59 degree wind chill.-9 degrees air temperature.Going from 88 degree heat and humidity to extreme cold was too much for the California boys.Plus I always believed that the Miami game took a lot out of them(remember Winslow being carried off the field?).They wound up losing 27-7 and waiting until next year.
1982-In a strike shortned season the Chargers finished 6-3 and earned a first round game against the Steelers, who were a little past the glory days.Being on the road had always been a trouble spot for the Chargers back then.It showed as the Steelers ran out to a 28-17 lead.The Chargers,led by Dan Fouts,made a fourth quarter comeback to notch a 31-28 victory.The win set up a rematch with Miami.The Chargers were destroyed in the "epic" rematch,34-13,once again exposing a poor defense.They wouldn't return to the playoffs for 10 years and one of the best teams in NFL history never made it to a Super Bowl.
1992-After 10 years away from the postseason the Chargers rebounded from an 0-4 start to win the AFC West.They came in with a bang pitching a 17-0 shutout over the Kansas City Chiefs.Once again they end up in Miami and once again were dominated, losing 31-0.Overall,not much was expected from this team,so not a lot of disappointment as there was in past years.
1994-Finally,a breakthrough!They win the AFC West once again.This time they get the Dolphins at home.After falling behind 21-6,they Chargers dominate the second half and win 22-21.They get a shot on the road against the favored Pittsburgh Steelers.The Steelers looked like they would be headed to the big game after being staked to a 13-3 lead in the third quarter.Quarterback Stan Humphries led the team to two fourth quarter touchdowns and a 17-13 win.That would get them their first AFC championship and trip to the Super Bowl.Going against a heavily favored San Francisco 49ers squad,the Chargers were outmatched from the start and lost 49-26.
1995-The Chargers returned to the playoffs to defend their AFC title as a wild card entrant.Playing at home against the Indianapolis Colts,this was supposed to be a win for the home team.The Colts had other ideas.Led by running back Zack Crockett(who?),the Colts ran away from the Chargers for a 35-20 win.This was a disappointing finish to the season since so much was expected coming off an AFC championship season.
2004-The Chargers return to the playoffs after a 9 year drought.They grab another AFC West crown and get a home game against the New York Jets.Falling behind 17-7 the Chargers tie the game only to miss a field goal attempt that would've won the game.They fall 20-17 in overtime to start the 2000's string of playoff misery that mirrored the late 70's and early 1980's.
2006-The Chargers entered the playoffs with home field advantage throughout.That didn't seem to matter to the defending champion New England Patriots.After being ahead 21-13,Tom Brady led the Patriots to a 24-21 win that was frustrating on many levels,from the fans,players,and coaches.After this latest heartbreak,Marty Schottenheimer was shown the door and dismissed from his head coaching duties.They brought in Norv Turner to see if he could get the job done.
2007-The Chargers are the AFC West champs and face the Tennessee Titans and claim a 17-6 win.Earning a shot against the favored defending champion Indianapolis Colts on the road.They go toe to toe with the champs before getting the ko in a 28-24 win.That would get them a shot at avenging the loss to the New England Patriots.With star running back LaDanian Tomlinson sitting out most of the game the Chargers fall one game short of the Super Bowl,falling 21-12.
2008-Although they won the AFC West,the Chargers underachieved and finished with an 8-8 record.They somehow manage a home game against the Indianapolis Colts.After being behind most of the game,they manage to tie it with a last second field goal.They take the overtime kickoff and drive for the winning touchdown.They go on to play the Steelers and take an early lead.After that the Steelers dominate the rest of the way for a 35-24 win that wasn't as close as the score indicated.
2009-Present day.The Chargers run away with the AFC West title.They're favored against the wild card New York Jets at home.Once again the Chargers blow a shot at a possible Super Bowl and fall 17-14 to the Jets.This would mark the latest disappointment in the playoff history of the San Diego Chargers.
They've always been close,right at the doorstep of greatness.Somehow they always manage to come up short when it matters most.This seems to be when they have some of the best players in the NFL and can't come up big.AFC West titles seem to be the most this team can garner.
DIREKTUR DAN ISTERINYA
Pak Wongso seorang Direktur sebuah perusahaan multinasional sedang mengendarai mobilnya dalam perjalanan keluar kota berdua dengan isterinya. Tiba-tiba ban depan mobilnya kempes, untunglah karena tidak begitu jauh dari tempat tersebut ada sebuah bengkel tempat tambal ban. Sang Isteri kemudian bergegas memanggil salah seorang tukang tambal ban yang berada dibengkel tersebut untuk segera
Saturday, January 30, 2010
DALIH PEMBUNUHAN MASSAL
Yang namanya pelarangan penerbitan buku atau bredel sejak jaman orde lama, orde baru hingga reformasi di tanah air sebenarnya masih terus berlangsung. Hanya saja cara dan modusnya agak sedikit berbeda. Ketika era orde lama dan orde baru pemerintah langsung dengan terang-terangan melarang terbit buku yang dianggap bisa meresahkan masyarakat atau berbau SARA.Namun pada era reformasi yang katanya “
Friday, January 29, 2010
HANTU PUNCAK DATANG BULAN
Beberapa tahun belakangan ini, jika melihat perkembangan dunia perfilman kita meskipun ada diantaranya yang berprestasi International, namun tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa Film yang bergenre Sex horror masih tetap mendominasi . Berbagai tema hantu, mencoba memikat penonton, mulai dari Kuntilanak, Pocong, Suster Ngesot, Jelangkung dan berbagai fenomena hantu diangkat sebagai tema cerita.Saking
Thursday, January 28, 2010
FENOMENA JUDI DI DUNIA MAYA
Kata Poker tak lagi asing di telinga. Salah satu aplikasi dari facebook ini betul-betul membuat orang ketagihan. Di warung kopi, di kafe-kafe, hingga warnet, pemandangan orang sedang bermain poker bukan lagi hal asing. Sebaliknya, muncul kesan tak ada tempat tanpa poker. Komunitas penggemar poker pun muncul bak jamur di musim hujan.FLUSH!... straight!...chips, raise, fold, straight flush, dan
KEKUATAN IKHLAS
Seorang pemuda tergeletak dipinggir jalan, tubuhnya kurus lemah dan sangat menggenaskan. Sudah banyak orang yang melewati tempat itu hanya mencibir dan segera berlalu. Beberapa saat kemudian Pak Darman yang dikenal sebagai saudagar kaya di kota itu lewat, sejenak dia terpaku dan timbul belas kasihannya. Dibawanya, pemuda itu kerumahnya dan dirawat hingga benar-benar pulih.Namun pada suatu malam,
Wednesday, January 27, 2010
KONTROVERSI PESAWAT KEPRESIDENAN
Sudah lama rasanya tidak membahas tentang suasana politik dalam negeri yang setiap harinya sarat akan kontroversi misalnya saja Pembangunan Pagar Istana yang menelan biaya Rp 22,5 miliar tertutup oleh pemberitaan lain. Berita tuntutan hukuman mati terhadap Antasari Azhar Cs serta isu pencopotan Menkeu Sri Mulyani makin 'menenggelamkan' berita Kontroversi Pagar Istana.Pengajuan anggaran untuk
Tuesday, January 26, 2010
THEY DON'T REALLY CARE ABOUT US
Para narapidana di Filipina rupanya banyak yang terpukul dengan kematian 'King of Pop”, meski jaraknya ribuan kilometer.Untuk memberikan penghormatan kepada Jackson, 1.500 narapidana di pusat Penahanan dan Rehabilitasi Provinsi Cebu melakukan latihan selama sembilan jam, tarian gaya Jackco. Keseriusan mereka berlatih, ditunjukkan hanya istirahat saat makan atau jika hujan saja, kata koreografer
TERSADAR KETIKA ADZAN MAGRIB
Seorang anak bernama Awang yang sudah duduk di SD kelas 4, mempunyai keinginan untuk mahir bersepeda seperti teman2 seumurnya yang lain. Keinginan yang mengebu-gebu itu terpaksa hanya bisa dia pendam dalam hati karena Sang Ayah yang hanya berprofesi sebagai seorang Guru yang waktu itu belum mampu untuk membelikannya sebuah sepeda dalam waktu singkat.Selang beberapa waktu ketika libur panjang
Monday, January 25, 2010
Sunday, January 24, 2010
IKAN LELE DAPAT MENDETEKSI GEMPA ?
Saya pernah membaca sebuat artikel tentang mitos yang ada di Jepang tentang ikan lele yang ternyata dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendeteksi terjadinya gempa bumi.Pada zaman dahulu orang Jepang percaya dengan mitos bahwa dibawah tanah terdapat sebuah ikan lele raksasa, yang apabila ia bergerak maka akan menimbulkan guncangan (gempa bumi), bahkan ada beberapa sastra Jepang yang menyebutkan demikian,
The Cable guy gets renewed in Oakland
After the off field problems and sometimes lackadaisical play,Tom Cable remains head coach of the Oakland Raiders.Cable will never be mistaken for Vince Lombardi,hell,not even Tom Flores.And the current edition of the Raiders won't remind experts of great Raiders teams of the past.Bottom line,right now the Raiders are a bad football team.Occasionally they played over their heads and rose up and beat some playoff contenders.They played with that famed Raider pride and poise every once in a while.Now I will only give Cable some credit because he's the coach.I think they won the five games they won this season was because after being kicked so much,pride kicked in and the players decided they had enough.I won'y put this all on the players,because I think some of the teams they beat overlooked the Raiders and chalked it up as an automatic win before the game was played(Broncos and Steelers).But it possibly saved Cable's job.
The Raider job isn't a plum job because of that smarmy,crotchety,senile old man known as Al Davis.He demands things be done his way or your out.He's a worse meddler than Dan Snyder and Jerry Jones.Also who would want to coach a team where you have hardly any input on personnel and allegedly limited game planning.Mr.Davis has to know that a 70's game plan won't win any games in this day and time.Somehow,despite Davis reportedly looking for other coaching candidates,while still retaining Cable,Cable wants to stick around.Maybe because this will be the only head coaching job Cable will have in the near future or at any point at all.Maybe it's because no one wants a piece of the fabled Raider empire.The candidates mentioned,there were only two,Jim Fassel and someone whose name escapes me right now,both said they weren't interested and were not interviewed for the job as reports said.I don't blame them.I know I wouldn't want to coach there.Somehow Cable stays with a team that wasn't a 5 win team but somehow it got to that number and Davis is delusional for thinking it's more than a 5 win team.Hey, Cable did say this was his dream job.How that is,I don't know.
Saturday, January 23, 2010
RAIN WATER HARVESTING
Sejak beberapa hari ini, nyaris setiap hari hujan turun di tempat saya, ....Bahkan tiga hari ini, setiap sore turun hujan lebat yang sering disertai petir. Hujan membuat cuaca terasa lebih dingin, setelah berbulan-bulan panas menyengat. Tunas daun mulai tumbuh, udara terasa segar, terutama di pagi hari saat kita mulai membuka pintu rumah.... para petani dibelakang rumah mulai semangat membajak
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